How is schistosomiasis and other trematode infections treated?

The treatment for schistosomiasis and various other trematode infections is effectively accomplished using praziquantel. This medication works by disrupting the permeability of the parasite's cell membrane, leading to muscle contraction and paralysis of the worms. As a result, the affected trematodes can be more easily eliminated by the host's immune system.

Praziquantel is particularly effective against different species of schistosomes, which are responsible for the disease, as well as other trematodes. The effectiveness of this treatment is well established in clinical practice, and it is widely recommended for use in endemic areas.

Other medications listed, such as mebendazole, are primarily used for treating nematode infections (roundworms) rather than trematodes. TMP-SMX is an antibiotic that targets bacterial infections and would not be effective against parasitic infections like schistosomiasis. Ivermectin is another antiparasitic drug but is mainly used for treating infections caused by filarial worms and ectoparasites, not trematodes.

Therefore, praziquantel is the appropriate choice for treating schistosomiasis and trematode infections due to its specific action against these parasites.