Insulin's effect on Na/K-ATPase primarily leads to which electrolyte imbalance?

Insulin has a significant effect on the Na+/K+ ATPase pump, primarily stimulating its activity in cells. This action promotes the uptake of potassium (K+) into cells while facilitating the expulsion of sodium (Na+) into the extracellular fluid. As a result, one of the key outcomes of insulin's effect is a decrease in serum potassium levels, leading to hypokalemia.

When insulin is released, such as in response to a rise in blood glucose levels, it not only aids in glucose uptake but also enhances the transport of potassium into various tissues, predominantly skeletal muscle and liver. This intracellular shift of potassium reduces its concentration in the bloodstream, thus causing hypokalemia. This is particularly relevant in clinical scenarios where patients receive large amounts of insulin, such as during the management of diabetic ketoacidosis, which can lead to significantly lower serum potassium levels.

In understanding electrolyte imbalances in relation to insulin, it’s vital to recognize that while insulin can indirectly affect sodium balance, the predominant and immediate effect includes the reduction of serum potassium levels, highlighting the clinical importance of monitoring potassium when insulin is administered.