Neurofibrillary tangles, resulting from hyperphosphorylation of protein tau, are indicative of which disease?

Neurofibrillary tangles are a key pathological feature associated with Alzheimer's disease. These tangles are formed by the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, which normally helps stabilize microtubules in neurons. When tau becomes hyperphosphorylated, it loses its ability to bind to microtubules effectively, leading to the formation of tangles within the neurons. The accumulation of these tangles disrupts normal neuronal function and is considered one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease.

In addition to neurofibrillary tangles, Alzheimer's is also characterized by the presence of amyloid plaques, which are made up of abnormal aggregates of amyloid-beta peptides. Together, the presence of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques contributes to the progressive neurodegeneration observed in individuals with Alzheimer's disease.

Other options, such as Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease, have distinct pathological features that do not include the presence of neurofibrillary tangles resulting from tau protein hyperphosphorylation. Huntington's disease is characterized by the presence of inclusions and neurodegeneration in specific brain regions due to mutant huntingtin protein. Multiple sclerosis features demyelination in the central nervous system. Parkinson's disease is