Smudge cells are particularly associated with which condition?

Smudge cells are highly characteristic of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). These cells are remnants of lymphocytes that appear fragile and are prone to disruption during the preparation of blood smears, leading to their "smudged" appearance. The presence of smudge cells is indicative of the high lymphocyte count and the abnormal morphology associated with CLL.

In CLL, the accumulation of these fragile lymphocytes occurs due to a clonal proliferation of B-lymphocytes, which is a hallmark of the disease. The smudge cells result from the mechanical processes involved in preparing blood samples, during which the delicate cells can rupture, making them a useful diagnostic clue in identifying CLL.

The other conditions listed do not typically present with smudge cells in the same manner. For instance, Hodgkin's lymphoma usually displays Reed-Sternberg cells, while acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia are characterized by different cell types and other morphological findings. Therefore, recognizing the association between smudge cells and CLL is important for correct diagnosis and management.