What condition is associated with the presence of antidesmoglein antibodies?

Antidesmoglein antibodies are specifically associated with pemphigus vulgaris, an autoimmune skin disorder characterized by blister formation due to the loss of cell adhesion in the epidermis. In pemphigus vulgaris, these antibodies target desmogleins, which are components of desmosomes that help hold keratinocytes together. The binding of antibodies to desmogleins disrupts cell-to-cell adhesion, leading to acantholysis (the separation of keratinocytes) and the formation of painful blisters in the skin and mucous membranes.

The other conditions listed do not involve antidesmoglein antibodies. Goodpasture's syndrome is characterized by antibodies against the glomerular basement membrane and is primarily associated with renal and pulmonary pathology. Drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a condition where various autoantibodies may be present, but not specifically antidesmoglein. Rheumatoid arthritis involves autoantibodies directed against joint components, and while it has autoimmune features, it does not involve antidesmoglein antibodies. Thus, the distinctive association of antidesmoglein antibodies with pemphigus vulgaris is what makes it the correct answer.