What condition is characterized by increased circulating neutrophils?

Increased circulating neutrophils is a hallmark of neutrophilic leukocytosis. This condition is typically a response to various stimuli, including infections, inflammation, stress, and certain physiological conditions such as pregnancy. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the body's defense against pathogens, particularly bacteria.

In neutrophilic leukocytosis, neutrophils increase in number to effectively combat infections or inflammation. This rise can be due to the bone marrow's heightened production and release of these cells. Additionally, factors like cytokines released during an inflammatory response also contribute to elevating neutrophil levels in the bloodstream.

In contrast, lymphocytic leukemia primarily affects lymphocytes, and eosinophilia is characterized by an increase in eosinophils, which are involved in allergic reactions and parasitic infections. Anemia involves a decrease in red blood cells or hemoglobin and does not directly relate to neutrophil counts.

Consequently, the condition characterized specifically by an increase in circulating neutrophils is accurately represented by neutrophilic leukocytosis.