What condition is indicated by cold intolerance in a patient?

Cold intolerance in a patient is indicative of hypothyroidism. This condition occurs when the thyroid gland is underactive and does not produce enough thyroid hormones, which are crucial for regulating the body's metabolism. As a result, individuals with hypothyroidism may experience a reduced metabolic rate, which affects the body's ability to generate heat, leading to increased sensitivity to cold temperatures.

In contrast, hyperthyroidism, where there is an excess of thyroid hormones, typically results in heat intolerance, as metabolic processes are heightened and the body generates more heat. Adrenal insufficiency can cause fatigue and weakness, but it does not specifically lead to cold intolerance. Similarly, diabetes mellitus primarily affects glucose metabolism and may lead to symptoms such as fatigue and increased urination, but does not directly cause cold intolerance. Thus, the presence of cold intolerance is most specifically associated with hypothyroidism.