What do VLDL particles primarily contain?

VLDL (Very Low-Density Lipoprotein) particles play a crucial role in lipid transport in the body. They are primarily synthesized in the liver and are composed mainly of triglycerides (TGs) and cholesterol. The main function of VLDL is to transport endogenous triglycerides, which are derived from the liver, to peripheral tissues where they can be utilized for energy or stored.

The composition of VLDL is significant because it includes a high proportion of triglycerides, making it one of the richest lipoproteins in terms of fat content. Upon release into the circulation, VLDL is converted into LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) as triglycerides are hydrolyzed by lipoprotein lipase. This process is pivotal in energy metabolism and in maintaining proper levels of lipids in the bloodstream.

The other options mention components that do not accurately reflect the primary content of VLDL. For example, while cholesterol and phospholipids are indeed part of lipoproteins, the defining feature of VLDL is its association with triglycerides and liver-derived cholesterol. Thus, recognizing that VLDL contains liver-derived triglycerides and cholesterol is essential for understanding its role in lipid metabolism and related pathologies.