What is a common cause of myxedema?

Myxedema is primarily associated with hypothyroidism, which is characterized by a deficiency in thyroid hormone production. Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in regulating metabolism, and when their levels are insufficient, various physiological changes can occur in the body. One of these changes is the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans, particularly hyaluronic acid, in the skin and other tissues. This accumulation leads to the appearance of myxedema, resulting in the characteristic swelling, particularly around the eyes and in the extremities.

In hypothyroidism, the decreased levels of thyroid hormones not only impair metabolism but also affect the normal functioning of fibroblasts, which produce the components that can lead to myxedema. Clinically, individuals with myxedema may present with symptoms such as lethargy, weight gain, and cold intolerance, which further underline the significant impact of inadequate thyroid hormone levels on overall health.

The conditions listed in the other options, such as hyperthyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, and Addison's disease, do not typically lead to myxedema. Hyperthyroidism is characterized by excess thyroid hormones and does not cause the same tissue changes as hypothyroidism. Cushing's syndrome involves an excess of cortisol, leading to different metabolic