What is the biochemical consequence of inhaling Carbon Monoxide?

Inhaling carbon monoxide (CO) primarily leads to the inhibition of ATP production, which is the correct and most significant biochemical consequence of CO exposure. The mechanism behind this involves CO's high affinity for hemoglobin, forming carboxyhemoglobin, which reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood and leads to tissue hypoxia.

Additionally, CO has a direct impact on the electron transport chain within mitochondria. By binding to cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV), it disrupts the normal electron transport process. This inhibition prevents electrons from being transferred effectively through the electron transport chain, leading to decreased production of ATP via oxidative phosphorylation.

As a result, cells are starved of energy, causing impairment in critical metabolic functions. Therefore, the primary consequence of carbon monoxide inhalation is a significant reduction in ATP production due to both hypoxia and the direct effects on cellular respiration pathways.