What is the most common hyperlipoproteinemia?

The most prevalent form of hyperlipoproteinemia is familial hypertriglyceridemia. This condition is characterized by elevated levels of triglycerides in the blood, usually due to inherited defects in lipid metabolism that affect triglyceride clearance. It is often associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and other metabolic syndromes, which are common in the general population, further contributing to its high incidence.

Familial hypertriglyceridemia leads to an increase in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels, and individuals may present with pancreatitis, eruptive xanthomas, or other complications if triglyceride levels become significantly elevated. The genetic basis for this condition involves defects in lipoprotein lipase or other proteins involved in lipid metabolism, which can be passed down through families.

In contrast, other forms of hyperlipoproteinemia, such as familial hypercholesterolemia, while serious—leading to markedly elevated cholesterol levels and increased cardiovascular risk—are less common in comparison. Conditions like abetalipoproteinemia, with its severe lipid metabolism defects, and familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, which involves the accumulation of intermediate-density lipoproteins, are also rarer than familial hypertriglyceridemia. Hence