What is the most serious complication that can arise from anorexia nervosa?

Ventricular arrhythmias are considered the most serious complication that can arise from anorexia nervosa due to the severe electrolyte imbalances this eating disorder can cause. Anorexia nervosa often results in significant weight loss and poor nutritional intake, which can lead to hypokalemia (low potassium levels) and other electrolyte disturbances. These imbalances particularly affect cardiac function and can precipitate serious arrhythmias, including ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, which may be life-threatening.

While other complications such as hypoglycemia, electrolyte imbalance, and kidney failure can occur, they are often direct outcomes of the electrolyte disturbances and malnutrition seen in anorexia. However, ventricular arrhythmias have a more immediate risk of proving fatal, especially if they lead to sudden cardiac death. This highlights the critical need to monitor and manage the cardiac status of patients with anorexia nervosa closely.