What is the neuropsychiatric syndrome associated with ovarian teratoma?

The neuropsychiatric syndrome most commonly associated with ovarian teratomas is anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. This condition occurs when antibodies attack the NMDA receptors in the brain, leading to various neuropsychiatric symptoms such as psychosis, seizures, memory deficits, and dyskinesias.

Ovarian teratomas can contain neural tissue, and the presence of this type of teratoma has been linked to the development of anti-NMDA receptor antibodies in patients. The pathophysiology suggests that the teratoma acts as a source of these autoantibodies, resulting in the encephalitis characterized by severe psychiatric symptoms and altered mental status.

Other options may relate to various forms of paraneoplastic syndromes or other types of encephalitis, but they are not specifically associated with ovarian teratomas in the same manner as anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Understanding this association is crucial, especially when evaluating young women with psychiatric symptoms in conjunction with an ovarian mass.