What is the normal range for paCO2 in mmHg?

The normal range for arterial carbon dioxide tension, or paCO2, is 35-45 mmHg. This range is crucial for maintaining acid-base balance in the body. Carbon dioxide is a byproduct of metabolism, and its levels in the blood reflect the respiratory system's efficiency in removing CO2 through ventilation.

When the paCO2 is within this normal range, it helps ensure that the blood pH remains within the narrow limits necessary for proper physiological function. If the paCO2 levels fall below this range, a state of respiratory alkalosis may occur, while levels above this range can lead to respiratory acidosis.

Maintaining this balance is essential for the body’s homeostasis, and the normal range of 35-45 mmHg serves as a critical benchmark in assessing respiratory function and the acid-base status of patients. Understanding this range is fundamental for anyone studying pathology and preparing for exams like the USMLE Step 1.