What nutrient deficiency is likely in a breastfed baby if the mother follows a strict vegan diet?

A breastfed baby whose mother follows a strict vegan diet is particularly at risk for vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products, including meat, dairy, and eggs. Since a vegan diet excludes all animal-derived foods, it may lead to inadequate maternal intake of this essential nutrient, subsequently affecting the breastfeeding infant.

Vitamin B12 is crucial for neural development and the formation of red blood cells. A deficiency during infancy can lead to serious neurological issues and developmental delays. While other deficiencies, such as iron, folate, and calcium, can also occur in breastfed infants, the specific risks associated with a mother's strict vegan diet highlight B12 deficiency as a primary concern. Iron and calcium can be obtained from fortified foods or supplements, and folate is often available in various plant-based foods. However, without supplementation or careful planning to include B12 sources, a strictly vegan regimen is unlikely to provide sufficient amounts of this vitamin, making B12 deficiency the most pressing issue.