What type of deficiency is associated with glossitis and dysphagia?

The condition associated with glossitis and dysphagia is primarily linked to vitamin B12 deficiency. Glossitis refers to inflammation of the tongue, which can present as a swollen, painful, and red tongue. Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, can occur due to the involvement of the oral cavity and pharyngeal muscles, which may be affected by the neurological problems often seen in vitamin B12 deficiency.

Vitamin B12 is crucial for DNA synthesis, red blood cell maturation, and proper neurological function. Its deficiency can lead to megaloblastic anemia and neurological symptoms. Glossitis and oral manifestations arise because vitamin B12 deficiency affects rapidly dividing cells, including those in the oral mucosa, leading to inflammation.

While folic acid deficiency can also result in glossitis, it typically does not produce neurologic deficits or dysphagia to the same extent as vitamin B12 deficiency. Protein deficiency might lead to general malnutrition symptoms but not specifically glossitis or dysphagia alone. Vitamin B3 deficiency (niacin deficiency) can cause pellagra, leading to dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia, with no specific association to glossitis or dysphagia. Thus, the connection between glossitis, dysphagia, and vitamin B12