Where does atherosclerosis most frequently occur in the body?

Atherosclerosis most frequently occurs in the abdominal aorta due to several factors related to blood flow dynamics and the structural characteristics of blood vessels. The abdominal aorta experiences high-pressure blood flow and is subject to significant mechanical stress, which can contribute to endothelial injury and subsequent atherogenesis.

This area also has a propensity for turbulent blood flow, particularly at branching points, which can foster conditions that promote the development of atherosclerotic plaques. The distribution of lipoproteins, inflammatory responses, and the local microenvironment in the abdominal aorta are conducive to the pathophysiologic processes involved in atherosclerosis.

While atherosclerosis is common in various other arterial locations, such as the coronary, carotid, and popliteal arteries, the abdominal aorta is particularly notable due to its significant incidence and connection to complications like aneurysms and embolic events. Understanding this context helps clarify why the abdominal aorta is a primary site of atherosclerotic disease.