Which antibody profile is associated with Celiac disease?

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. The immune response in individuals with this condition leads to the production of several specific antibodies, which play a crucial role in both diagnosis and monitoring of the disease.

Anti-gliadin antibodies are among the earliest antibodies to appear in the context of Celiac disease and target gliadin, a component of gluten. While their presence can indicate gluten sensitivity, they are less specific compared to other antibodies.

Anti-endomysial antibodies are directed against the endomysium, the connective tissue surrounding muscle fibers, and their presence is highly indicative of Celiac disease. These antibodies are often considered a more specific marker for the disease when compared to anti-gliadin antibodies.

Anti-transglutaminase antibodies target tissue transglutaminase, an enzyme involved in the cross-linking of proteins. The presence of these antibodies is one of the most sensitive and specific tests for diagnosing Celiac disease, which has led to their widespread use in clinical practice.

Given that all three types of antibodies—anti-gliadin, anti-endomysial, and anti-transglutaminase—are associated with Celiac disease, it is accurate