Which medication is commonly used to treat migraines?

Sumatriptan is a medication that is part of the triptan class, specifically designed for the acute treatment of migraine headaches. It works by selectively agonizing serotonin receptors (5-HT1B and 5-HT1D), leading to vasoconstriction of cranial blood vessels and reducing the release of pro-inflammatory neuropeptides. The effectiveness of sumatriptan in alleviating migraine symptoms has been well-documented, making it a first-line choice for many patients experiencing moderate to severe migraines.

Other medications listed, while they may provide relief for some symptoms associated with migraine or general pain relief, are not specifically targeted for the acute treatment of migraines. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen can help reduce pain and inflammation but lack the specific mechanisms that triptans employ to address migraine pathophysiology. Acetaminophen is also used for various types of pain relief, including headaches, but it is not as effective as triptans for acute migraine management.

Amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, is sometimes used in a preventative role for chronic migraines but is not indicated for acute treatment. Thus, the specificity of sumatriptan's action on migraine physiology makes