Which renal condition is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus?

Lupus nephropathy is a renal condition specifically associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SLE is an autoimmune disorder that can have a variety of systemic manifestations, and the kidneys are frequently affected. The renal involvement seen in lupus patients is characterized by glomerulonephritis, which can lead to significant renal impairment if not managed properly.

In lupus nephropathy, the presence of autoantibodies and immune complex deposition in the glomeruli leads to inflammation and damage. The degree of renal involvement can vary, ranging from mild asymptomatic urinary abnormalities to severe renal failure. The type of glomerular injury seen in lupus nephropathy can also be classified histologically into classes, with Class IV (diffuse lupus nephritis) being the most severe and associated with a worse prognosis.

The other conditions listed are not directly linked to systemic lupus erythematosus. Diabetic nephropathy arises from chronic hyperglycemia in diabetic patients, hypertensive nephropathy results from chronic uncontrolled hypertension, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis can occur due to a variety of etiologies, including but not limited to obesity, heroin use, and genetic factors, but is not specifically associated with SLE